May 22 is the 23rd International Day for Biological Diversity. This year’s theme is “From Agreement to Collaboration: Restoring Biodiversity”. The reporter learned from the National Forestry and Grassland Administration that since the "14th Five-Year Plan", our country has focused on the rescue and protection of flagship species and continued to promote the construction of in-situ and ex-situ protection systems. A large number of rare and endangered wild animal and plant populations have steadily increased, and the habitat and breeding environment have been improved. Steady improvement.

In recent years, my country has systematically implemented projects to rescue and protect critically endangered wild animals and extremely small populations of wild plants. Through various measures such as in-situ protection, ex-situ protection, artificial breeding and cultivation, release or return to nature, The service function of the ecosystem has been effectively enhanced. The wild populations of more than 300 rare and endangered wild animals and plants, including Asian elephants, snow leopards, Siberian tigers, Hainan gibbons, Guizhou golden monkeys, Tibetan antelopes, Mangshan iron-headed snakes, cycads, and orchids, have stabilized. There is a rise in the middle. The number of Huagai trees has increased from 6 when it was first discovered to 15,000. The number of Qiaojia five-needled pine trees has increased from 34 when it was first discovered to more than 3,000. More than 4,000 Baishanzu fir trees have been successfully replanted in the wild from the 3 when they were first discovered. strain. The wild population of Asian elephants has increased to more than 300, the wild population of Hainan gibbons has increased to 6 groups of 37 individuals, the wild population of white-headed langurs has increased to more than 1,300 individuals, the distribution points of the Chinese pangolin have continued to increase, and the distribution range of the Siberian tiger has expanded from the Changbai Mountains to the Lesser Khingan Mountains , the wild population increased to about 60 individuals. The distribution area of ​​crested ibis has expanded from 3 provinces to 7 provinces, with a wild population of more than 7,000 individuals. The global captive giant panda population has reached 698, and the captive-bred crested ibis population has reached 1,496. Through reintroduction, wild populations of elk and Przewalski's horses have been reestablished in many provinces.

In particular, the construction of the national park and national botanical garden system was launched, and the first five national parks were established. The "National Park Spatial Layout Plan" was issued to scientifically lay out 49 national park candidate areas with a total area of ​​approximately 1.1 million square kilometers, accounting for 10.3% of the land area. It will achieve the world's largest protection scale and protect more than 80% of the national key protected wildlife. Plant and animal species and their habitats, and protect many large-scale ecological corridors and key areas for international migratory bird migration, cetacean migration, and mammal cross-border migration. The National Botanical Garden and the South China National Botanical Garden were put into operation, which led to the vigorous development of botanical gardens, arboretum, germplasm resource banks, etc. at all levels. Very small populations of wild plants such as Putuo hornbeam, Huagai tree and Emei smile have initially escaped the risk of extinction.

In addition, the "Wetland Protection Law", "Wildlife Protection Law", "Yangtze River Protection Law", "Yellow River Protection Law"Law, "Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Ecological Protection Law", "Biosafety Law" and other laws have been completed one after another. The "List of National Key Protected Wild Animals" and "The List of National Key Protected Wild Plants" have been adjusted and released. The legal system for natural ecology and wildlife protection Continuous improvement. National, provincial and key cities and prefectures have generally established inter-departmental coordination mechanisms to combat illegal trade in wild animals and plants, led by forestry and grassland authorities. Special law enforcement actions such as "Qingfeng" and "Green Shield" are jointly carried out every year to severely crack down on indiscriminate mining and excavation. , indiscriminate hunting, illegal smuggling, illegal trading of wild animals and plants and their products and other illegal and criminal activities, the number of major and serious cases has remained at a low level. At the same time, a variety of popular science publicity and education activities have been organized and carried out. The awareness of public participation has been continuously enhanced, and the concept of ecological civilization has become increasingly popular among the people, creating a good social atmosphere for protecting biological diversity and maintaining national ecological security.

In the next step, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration will continue to promote the construction of national parks in accordance with the overall goals of the "Construction Plan for the Construction of National Parks and Other Natural Reserves and Major Projects for the Protection of Wild Animals and Plants (2021-2035)". Accelerate the construction of a natural protected area system with national parks as the main body, so that the authenticity and integrity of the country's important natural ecosystems, wild animal and plant resources and their important habitats (habitat) can be effectively protected, and the national key protected wild animal and plant populations continue to be stable For the better. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we will further increase the protection of key protected wild animals and plants such as giant pandas, Siberian tigers, Amur leopards, Asian elephants, pangolins, gibbons, snow leopards, cycads, orchid plants, to ensure that by 2025, The conservation rate of terrestrial wild animal species under national key protection has reached 75%, and the conservation rate of terrestrial wild plant species under national key protection has reached 80%.